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    "en": "Seasonal influenza is an acute respiratory infection caused by influenza viruses which circulate in all parts of the world (WHO, 2018). <br /> <p>WHO, 2018. <a href=\"https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/influenza-(seasonal)\">Influenza (seasonal). World Health Organization (WHO)</a>. Accessed 8 November 2020.</p>"
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      "Seasonal influenza is most often caused by type A or B influenza viruses. The constant evolving nature of influenza viruses makes influenza among the top few infectious hazards with significant impact. Epidemics occur mainly during winter, from October to March in the northern hemisphere and April to September in the southern hemisphere. In tropical and subtropical countries, seasonal influenza can happen all year round (WHO, 2020). Seasonal influenza outbreaks are caused by small changes on the surface of viruses that have already circulated, and to which people have some immunity (WHO, 2018). Symptoms include sudden onset of fever, cough (usually dry), headache, muscle and joint pain, sore throat and a runny nose. The cough can be severe and can last two or more weeks. Most people recover from fever and other symptoms within a week without requiring medical attention (WHO, 2018). Seasonal influenza can cause severe illness or death in high-risk groups, such as pregnant women, children younger than five years, people older than 65 years, and people with chronic medical conditions. People with increased risk of exposure to influenza, such as children in day care centres and schools and workers in health care facilities, can transmit infections to others if they become ill (WHO, 2018). Patients who are not from a high-risk group should be managed with ‘symptomatic treatment’ and are advised, if symptomatic, to stay home to minimise the risk of infecting others in the community. Patients known to be at high risk for developing severe or complicated illness, should be treated with antiviral drugs in addition to symptomatic treatment as soon as possible. Patients with severe or progressive clinical illness associated with suspected or confirmed influenza infection (i.e., clinical syndromes of pneumonia, sepsis or exacerbation of chronic underlying disease) should be treated with antiviral drugs as soon as possible (WHO, 2017, 2018). Most cases of human influenza are clinically diagnosed. Collection of appropriate respiratory samples and the application of a laboratory diagnostic test is required to establish a definitive diagnosis. Laboratory confirmation of influenza virus from throat, nasal and nasopharyngeal secretions or tracheal aspirate or washings is commonly performed using direct antigen detection, virus isolation, or by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) (WHO, 2018). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends annual vaccination with vaccines containing updated formulation for high-risk groups ideally before the season begins. Getting vaccinated at any time during the season can still help prevent flu infections (WHO, 2020)."
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