IPCC, 2019. Annex I: Glossary [Weyer, N.M. (ed.)]. In: IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, V. Masson-Delmotte, P. Zhai, M. Tignor, E. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Nicolai, A. Okem, J. Petzold, B. Rama, N.M. Weyer (eds.)]. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Accessed 21 October 2020.
" }, "editorialNote": { "en": [ "source:IPCC Glossary AR6", "source:UNDRR HIPS" ] }, "scopeNote": { "en": [ "Global mean sea-level change resulting from change in the mass of the ocean is termed barystatic. The amount of barystatic sea-level change due to the addition or removal of a mass of water is referred to as its sea-level equivalent (SLE). Sea-level changes, both globally and locally, resulting from changes in water density are termed steric. Density changes induced by temperature changes only are termed thermosteric, while density changes induced by salinity changes are termed halosteric. Barystatic and steric sea-level changes do not include the effect of changes in the shape of ocean basins induced by the change in the ocean mass and its distribution (IPCC, 2019). Global mean sea level rose by 0.19 m (0.17–0.21 m) between 1901 and 2010 (Abram et al., 2019). The rate of sea-level rise increased from 1.4 mm yr–1 over the period 1901–1990, to 2.1 mm yr–1 over the period 1970–2015, to 3.2 mm yr–1 over the period 1993–2015, to 3.6 mm yr–1 over the period 2006–2015 (Oppenheimer et al., 2019). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) projects future global mean sea level rise to be between 0.43 m (0.29–0.59 m, likely range; RCP2.6) and 0.84 m (0.61–1.10 m, likely range; RCP8.5) by 2100 (medium confidence) relative to 1986–2005 (Oppenheimer et al., 2019). Local or relative seal-level rise will depart from this global mean due to local/regional conditions (e.g., local oceanic water currents or local land uplift/subsidence). Sea-level rise is projected to increase the frequency of extreme sea-level events, leading to more frequent inundation. In several regions of the world, current inundation with a return period of one century could become annual events as soon as 2050 (Oppenheimer et al., 2019) and flooding frequency could increase exponentially, doubling every five years in the future (Taherkhani et al., 2020). Global sea level is projected to continue to rise after 2100, up to 2.3–5.4 m by 2300 under the high IPCC emission scenario (RCP8.5). There are large uncertainties about the level of contribution of the melting ice sheets from Greenland and Antarctica to global mean sea-level rise. Recent observations indicate an acceleration of melting and raise questions about a tipping point being reached that makes the melting irreversible over time (e.g., Lenton et al., 2019; King et al., 2020)." ] }, "broader": { "id": "http://connectivity-hub.com/terms/97e1edfb-41b1-4bff-998e-283459aa2e2d", "prefLabel": { "en": "Sea level change (sea level rise/sea level fall)" } }, "inScheme": [ { "id": "http://connectivity-hub.com/terms/", "title": { "en": "Climate Connectivity Taxonomy" } } ], "inSchemeAll": [ { "id": "http://connectivity-hub.com/terms/" } ], "@context": { "@version": 1.1, "id": "@id", "type": "@type", "@vocab": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "dct": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "schema": "https://schema.org/", "vann": "http://purl.org/vocab/vann/", "ldp": "http://www.w3.org/ns/ldp#", "owl": "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#", "title": { "@id": "dct:title", "@container": "@language" }, "dc:title": { "@id": "dc:title", "@container": "@language" }, "dc:description": { "@id": "dc:description", "@container": "@language" }, "description": { "@id": "dct:description", "@container": "@language" }, "license": { "@id": "dct:license", "@container": "@language" }, "issued": { "@id": "dct:issued", "@type": "xsd:date" }, "created": { "@id": "dct:created", "@type": "xsd:date" }, "modified": { "@id": "dct:modified", "@type": "xsd:date" }, "creator": "dct:creator", "publisher": "dct:publisher", "preferredNamespacePrefix": "vann:preferredNamespacePrefix", "preferredNamespaceUri": "vann:preferredNamespaceUri", "isBasedOn": "schema:isBasedOn", "source": "dct:source", "prefLabel": { "@container": "@language" }, "altLabel": { "@container": [ "@language", "@set" ] }, "hiddenLabel": { "@container": [ "@language", "@set" ] }, "definition": { "@container": "@language" }, "note": { "@container": [ "@language", "@set" ] }, "changeNote": { "@container": [ "@language", "@set" ] }, "editorialNote": { "@container": [ "@language", "@set" ] }, "historyNote": { "@container": [ "@language", "@set" ] }, "scopeNote": { "@container": [ "@language", "@set" ] }, "notation": { "@container": "@set" }, "example": { "@container": "@language" }, "narrower": { "@container": "@set" }, "related": { "@container": "@set" }, "relatedMatch": { "@container": "@set" }, "narrowerTransitive": { "@container": "@set" }, "broaderTransitive": { "@container": "@set" }, "broadMatch": { "@container": "@set" }, "narrowMatch": { "@container": "@set" }, "closeMatch": { "@container": "@set" }, "exactMatch": { "@container": "@set" }, "hasTopConcept": { "@container": "@set" }, "inScheme": { "@container": "@set" }, "topConceptOf": { "@container": "@set" }, "deprecated": { "@id": "owl:deprecated", "@type": "xsd:boolean" }, "isReplacedBy": { "@id": "dct:isReplacedBy", "@container": "@set" } } }