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    "en": "Knowledge co-production"
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  "definition": {
    "en": "Co-production is an iterative and collaborative processes involving diverse types of expertise, knowledge and actors to produce context-specific knowledge and pathways towards a sustainable future (Norström et al., 2020 in Gill et al. 2022).\n\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https://disasterriskgateway.net/index.php/MYRIAD-EU_Handbook_of_Multi-Hazard,_Multi-Risk_Definitions_and_Concepts\">Gill et al., 2022</a>. Accessed 18 February 2026.</p> \n\nCo-production is a specific kind of community engagement, which represents a transition from doing things ‘to’ and ‘for’ people, to doing things ‘with’ people. It is a mindset and way of working underpinned by 5 values: valuing all participants and building on their strengths; working in networks and across silos; doing what matters for all the people involved (outcomes focus); building trusted relationships and sharing power; and enabling people to be change makers (The Co-production Network for Wales, 2022).\n\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https://info.copronet.wales/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Glossary-of-engagement-terminology-Co-production-Network-for-Wales-V1.5-A4.pdf\">Co-production Network for Wales, 2022</a>. Accessed 18 February 2026.</p>"
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      "In the context of public services, co-production is an asset-based approach that enables people providing and people receiving services to share power and responsibility, and to work together in equal, reciprocal and caring relationships. It enables people to access relevant and meaningful support when they need it; services to be effective and make a positive difference in people’s lives; and people, services and communities to become more effective agents of change. In other sectors like arts, media and retail the term “co-production” holds significantly different meanings (The Co-production Network for Wales, 2022).\n\nIn some contexts, co-production is synonymous with 'involvement' (when the audience or end users are citizens and community members). However, co-production differs from participation in that there is shared power and shared decision-making (The Co-production Network for Wales, 2022). \n\nCo-production should also be distinguished from co-productive approaches, which may lack some of the elements of co-production but be built on the same values. Projects and programmes that are not co-production (for lack of citizen or service user involvement) might still adopt a co-productive approach, i.e. embrace the values of co-production. While this isn’t co-production, it offers multiple benefits, not least a shift in power dynamics towards greater contribution, buy-in, commitment, shared ownership, and more (The Co-production Network for Wales, 2022). \n\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https://info.copronet.wales/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Glossary-of-engagement-terminology-Co-production-Network-for-Wales-V1.5-A4.pdf\">Co-production Network for Wales, 2022</a>. Accessed 18 February 2026.</p>"
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