{"id":"http://connectivity-hub.com/terms/9fe15001-7f02-4bd0-abeb-3780bd16fab6","type":"Concept","prefLabel":{"en":"Nature-based solutions (NbS)"},"altLabel":{"en":["Environment-based solutions","Green-based solutions"]},"definition":{"en":"Actions to protect, sustainably manage and restore natural or modified ecosystems that address societal challenges effectively and adaptively, simultaneously providing human well-being and biodiversity benefits. (IUCN, 2016; IPCC AR6, 2023).\n\nSolutions that are inspired and supported by nature, which are cost-effective, simultaneously provide environmental, social and economic benefits and help build resilience. Such solutions bring more, and more diverse, nature and natural features and processes into cities, landscapes and seascapes, through locally adapted, resource-efficient and systemic interventions. (Towards an EU Research and Innovation Policy Agenda for Nature-based Solutions & Re-naturing Cities - Final Report of the Horizon 2020 Expert Group, European Commission, 2015).\n\nActions that work with and enhance nature so as to help people adapt to change and disasters. (Nature-based Solutions Initiative)."},"editorialNote":{"en":["source:IPCC Glossary AR6"]},"historyNote":{"en":["Modified from UNEP (2022) by DRI Lexicon Project Expert Panel, October 2022\n\nURL: https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/39864/NATURE-BASED%20SOLUTIONS%20FOR%20SUPPORTING%20SUSTAINABLE%20DEVELOPMENT.%20English.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y"]},"scopeNote":{"en":["‘Nature-Based Solutions’ (NBS), is a relatively new concept introduced specifically to promote nature as a means for providing solutions to climate mitigation and adaptation challenges (Cohen-Schacham et al., 2016, IUCN, 2012). Within Europe, policy-makers have integrated the concept into their current framework programme for research and innovation, ‘Horizon 2020’, providing a new narrative involving biodiversity and ecosystem services aligned with goals of innovation for growth and job creation (European Commission, 2015), and with a potential opening for transformational pathways towards sustainable societal development.\n\nThe term has already diversified. In the United States ‘nature-based infrastructure’ and ‘engineering with nature’ are more common as descriptions for actions to support resilience and to reduce flood risk, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and European Commission definitions of NBS provide alternate perspectives on its remit and purpose. For the European Commission, NBS is understood as actions that ‘aim to help societies address a variety of environmental, social and economic challenges in sustainable ways. They are actions which are inspired by, supported by or copied from nature’. The IUCN in framing NbS considers it an umbrella concept that covers a whole range of ecosystem-related approaches all of which address societal challenges. There is a sense that NBS still needs to be developed and discussed in relation to existing concepts to clarify their added value (Nesshover at al., 2017). United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) also promotes benefits of NBS for disaster risk reduction (DRR) - explaining that Ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction is becoming mainstream: Countries are increasingly becoming aware of nature-based solutions as a way to enhance climate change adaptation and mitigation, and are investing in conserving, restoring and managing ecosystems.\n\nDiscussions around nature-based solutions to DRR have surfaced in relatively few places, such as United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction's (UNISDR) 2015 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction, at IUCN and the Nature-based Solutions Initiative. Here, the strong link between disasters and ecosystems, and the importance of nature-based solutions for disaster risk reduction, as well as climate change adaptation are recognised. However in these circles such strategies are more commonly referred to as ecosystem-based DRR. Organisations using this concept (Eco-DRR) include the Partnership for Environment and Disaster Risk Reduction (PEDRR) which is part of UNISDR."]},"narrower":[{"id":"http://connectivity-hub.com/terms/ab23c6b3-a91f-410e-b85b-788391ebd676","prefLabel":{"en":"Restoration"}}],"broader":{"id":"http://connectivity-hub.com/terms/9cc85853-63ac-4574-b0b3-a615c1b7e560","prefLabel":{"en":"Adaptation options"}},"related":[{"id":"http://connectivity-hub.com/terms/539bb567-bdeb-428f-905d-4f96b6703077","prefLabel":{"en":"Green infrastructure"}},{"id":"http://connectivity-hub.com/terms/e028c2ce-be07-4051-b846-cbe2b2416725","prefLabel":{"en":"Blue infrastructure"}},{"id":"http://connectivity-hub.com/terms/d03ae38f-3bf5-4d44-963e-375065b10bf7","prefLabel":{"en":"Ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA)"}}],"inScheme":[{"id":"http://connectivity-hub.com/terms/","title":{"en":"Climate Connectivity Taxonomy"}}],"inSchemeAll":[{"id":"http://connectivity-hub.com/terms/"}],"@context":{"@version":1.1,"id":"@id","type":"@type","@vocab":"http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#","xsd":"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#","dct":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","schema":"https://schema.org/","vann":"http://purl.org/vocab/vann/","ldp":"http://www.w3.org/ns/ldp#","owl":"http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#","title":{"@id":"dct:title","@container":"@language"},"dc:title":{"@id":"dc:title","@container":"@language"},"dc:description":{"@id":"dc:description","@container":"@language"},"description":{"@id":"dct:description","@container":"@language"},"license":{"@id":"dct:license","@container":"@language"},"issued":{"@id":"dct:issued","@type":"xsd:date"},"created":{"@id":"dct:created","@type":"xsd:date"},"modified":{"@id":"dct:modified","@type":"xsd:date"},"creator":"dct:creator","publisher":"dct:publisher","preferredNamespacePrefix":"vann:preferredNamespacePrefix","preferredNamespaceUri":"vann:preferredNamespaceUri","isBasedOn":"schema:isBasedOn","source":"dct:source","prefLabel":{"@container":"@language"},"altLabel":{"@container":["@language","@set"]},"hiddenLabel":{"@container":["@language","@set"]},"definition":{"@container":"@language"},"note":{"@container":["@language","@set"]},"changeNote":{"@container":["@language","@set"]},"editorialNote":{"@container":["@language","@set"]},"historyNote":{"@container":["@language","@set"]},"scopeNote":{"@container":["@language","@set"]},"notation":{"@container":"@set"},"example":{"@container":"@language"},"narrower":{"@container":"@set"},"related":{"@container":"@set"},"relatedMatch":{"@container":"@set"},"narrowerTransitive":{"@container":"@set"},"broaderTransitive":{"@container":"@set"},"broadMatch":{"@container":"@set"},"narrowMatch":{"@container":"@set"},"closeMatch":{"@container":"@set"},"exactMatch":{"@container":"@set"},"hasTopConcept":{"@container":"@set"},"inScheme":{"@container":"@set"},"topConceptOf":{"@container":"@set"},"deprecated":{"@id":"owl:deprecated","@type":"xsd:boolean"},"isReplacedBy":{"@id":"dct:isReplacedBy","@container":"@set"}}}